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Ibhanti kunye neNdlela uphawu lophuhliso oludibeneyo

NguDigby James Wren | ETSHAYINA IMIHLA | Ihlaziywe: 2022-10-24 07:16

[ZHONG JINYE/YASETSHAYINA IMIHLA]

Usukelo lwaseTshayina loxolo lokuvuselela isizwe luqulathwe kwinjongo yalo yekhulunyaka yesibini yokuphuhlisa iChina ibe “lilizwe elikhulu lale mihla lobusoshiyali elinempumelelo, eyomeleleyo, elawulwa yidemokhrasi, ehambele phambili ngokwenkcubeko, ehambelanayo, nelihle” embindini wale nkulungwane (2049 ibingunyaka wekhulu lokusekwa kwePeople’s Republic).

I-China ifezekise injongo yokuqala yekhulu leminyaka - yokwakha uluntu olunenkqubela ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke iinkalo, phakathi kwezinye izinto, ukuphelisa intlupheko ngokupheleleyo - ekupheleni kuka-2020.

Alikho elinye ilizwe elisakhasayo okanye elisakhulayo eliye lakwazi ukwenza ezo mpumelelo ngexeshana nje elifutshane. Ukuba i-China ifezekise injongo yayo yokuqala yekhulu leminyaka nangona ulungelelwaniso lwehlabathi olulawulwa linani elincinci loqoqosho oluphambili olukhokelwa yi-United States lubeka imingeni emininzi yimpumelelo enkulu ngokwayo.

Ngelixa uqoqosho lwehlabathi lurhoxa kwimpembelelo yokunyuka kwamaxabiso ehlabathi kunye nokungazinzi kwezemali ezithunyelwe kumazwe angaphandle yi-US kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yayo yomkhosi kunye nezoqoqosho, i-China iye yahlala inamandla oqoqosho kunye nenxaxheba enoxolo kubudlelwane bamazwe ngamazwe. Iinkokeli zaseTshayina ziyaziqonda iingenelo zokulungelelanisa amabhongo ezoqoqosho kunye namanyathelo omgaqo-nkqubo wabamelwane bayo kunye neenkqubo zophuhliso kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuqinisekisa impumelelo yomntu wonke.

Yiyo loo nto i-China ilungelelanise uphuhliso lwayo kunye nolo lwabamelwane abasondeleyo kuphela kodwa namazwe abandakanyekayo kwi-Belt and Road Initiative. I-China iphinde yasebenzisa oovimba bayo abakhulu ukuze badibanise imihlaba kwintshona, emazantsi, kumzantsi-mpuma kunye nomzantsi-ntshona kuthungelwano lweziseko ezingundoqo, ishishini kunye namakhonkco okubonelela, uqoqosho olukhulayo lwedijithali kunye ne-hi-tech kunye nemarike enkulu yabathengi.

Umongameli u-Xi Jinping ucebise kwaye uye wakhuthaza i-paradigm yophuhliso lokujikeleza kabini apho ukujikeleza kwangaphakathi (okanye uqoqosho lwangaphakathi) luyintsika, kwaye ukujikelezwa kwangaphakathi kunye nangaphandle kuqinisa ngokubambisana ekuphenduleni ukuguquka kwemeko yamazwe ngamazwe. I-China ifuna ukugcina amandla ayo okuzibandakanya kwihlabathi jikelele kurhwebo, imali kunye neteknoloji, ngelixa isomeleza imfuno yasekhaya, kunye nokunyusa imveliso kunye namandla obuchwepheshe ukuthintela ukuphazamiseka kwimarike yehlabathi.

Phantsi kwalo mgaqo-nkqubo, ugqaliselo lubekwe ekwenzeni i-China ikwazi ukuzimela ngakumbi ngelixa urhwebo namanye amazwe lulungelelaniswa ekuzinzeni nasekusebenziseni iinzuzo zeziseko ezingundoqo zeBhanti kunye neNdlela.

Nangona kunjalo, ekuqaleni kuka-2021, ubunzima bemeko yoqoqosho lwehlabathi kunye nobunzima obuqhubekayo bokuqulathaIsifo esikho elizweni jikelele se-covid-19ziye zacothisa ukuvuseleleka korhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe notyalo-mali kwaye zathintela ukudityaniswa kwehlabathi kwezoqoqosho. Ukuphendula, ubunkokeli baseTshayina bacinga ngeparadigm yophuhliso lokujikeleza kabini. Ayikokuvala ucango kuqoqosho lwaseTshayina kodwa kukuqinisekisa ukuba imarike yasekhaya neyehlabathi ziyakhulisana.

Utshintsho oluya kujikelezo oluphindwe kabini lujolise ekudibaniseni iingenelo zenkqubo yemarike yesocialist - ukudibanisa izixhobo ezikhoyo ezibandakanya impumelelo yezesayensi kunye nethekhnoloji - ukuze kunyuswe imveliso, ukwandisa ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha, ukusebenzisa ubugcisa obuphambili kwishishini kunye nokwenza zombini imixokelelwane yoshishino yasekhaya neyehlabathi isebenze ngakumbi.

Ngaloo ndlela, i-China ibonelele ngemodeli engcono yophuhliso lwehlabathi olunoxolo, olusekelwe kwimvumelwano kunye ne-multilateralism. Kwixesha elitsha le-multipolarism, i-China iyayikhaba i-unilateralism, elona phawu lwenkqubo ephelelwe lixesha kunye nengalunganga yolawulo lwehlabathi ebekwe liqela elincinci loqoqosho oluphambili olukhokelwa yi-US.

Imingeni ejongene ne-unilateralism kwindlela eya kuphuhliso oluzinzileyo lwehlabathi inokoyiswa kuphela ngeenzame ezihlangeneyo ze-China kunye namaqabane ayo orhwebo lwehlabathi jikelele, ngokulandela umgangatho ophezulu, uphuhliso oluluhlaza kunye nekhabhoni ephantsi, kunye nokulandela imigangatho yobuchwepheshe evulekileyo, kunye neenkqubo zezemali zehlabathi ezinoxanduva, ukuze kwakhiwe imeko-bume yoqoqosho lwehlabathi evulelekileyo nelinganayo ngakumbi.

I-China ikwilizwe lesibini ngobukhulu kwezoqoqosho kunye nomvelisi ohamba phambili, kunye neqabane elikhulu lezorhwebo kumazwe angaphezu kwe-120, kwaye inamandla kunye nomnqweno wokwabelana ngeenzuzo zokuvuselelwa kwayo kwesizwe kunye nabantu kwihlabathi jikelele abafuna ukuqhawula amaqhina okuxhomekeka kwezobuchwepheshe kunye noqoqosho oluqhubekayo nokubonelela ngamafutha kumandla ahlangeneyo. Ukungazinzi kwezimali zehlabathi kunye nokungajongwanga kwexabiso lentengo kumazwe angaphandle kusisiphumo sokuba amanye amazwe afezekise iimfuno zawo ezimxinwa kwaye abeka emngciphekweni ilahleko enkulu yeenzuzo ezenziwe yi-China kunye namanye amazwe asakhulayo.

INkongolo yeSizwe yama-20 yeQela lamaKomanisi laseTshayina ayikhankanyi nje kuphela iinzuzo ezinkulu ezenzileyo i-China ngokuphumeza eyayo imodeli yophuhliso kunye nophuculo, kodwa yenza ukuba abantu bakwamanye amazwe bakholelwe ukuba banokufikelela kuphuhliso loxolo, bakhusele ukhuseleko lwabo lwesizwe kunye nokunceda ukwakha uluntu olunekamva ekwabelwana ngalo kuluntu ngokulandela imodeli yabo yophuhliso.

Umbhali ungumcebisi okhethekileyo ophezulu, kunye nomlawuli weZiko loPhando laseMekong, i-International Relations Institute, iRoyal Academy yaseCambodia. Iimbono azibonakalisi ezo ze-China Daily.