Iindaba

IMBALI NOKUZIGQIBELA KWE-ANAESTHESIA EQHUTYWAYO NGEMTHAMBO

Ukunikezelwa kwamayeza ngemithambo yegazi kuqale kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesixhenxe xa uChristopher Wren wafaka i-opium enjeni esebenzisa i-goose quill kunye ne-pig bladder, yaza inja 'yaphambana'. Kwiminyaka yoo-1930, i-hexobarbital kunye ne-pentothal zaqaliswa kwiklinikhi.

Kwakuyi-Pharmacokinetic yeminyaka yoo-1960 apho kwasekwa khona iimodeli kunye nee-equation ze-IV infusions kwaye ngeminyaka yoo-1980, kwaveliswa iinkqubo ze-IV infusion ezilawulwa yikhompyutha. Ngo-1996 kwaveliswa inkqubo yokuqala ye-infusion elawulwayo ekujoliswe kuyo ('iDiprufusor').

INKCAZELO

A ukufakwa okujolisiweyo okujoliswe kukoyinkqubo yokungenisa elawulwa ngendlela yokuba izame ukufikelela kumlinganiselo weziyobisi ochazwe ngumsebenzisi kwindawo yomzimba okanye kwizicubu ezinomdla. Le ngcamango yaqala ukucetyiswa nguKruger Thiemer ngo-1968.

IINKCUKACHA ZAMAKHEMISI

Umthamo wokusasazwa.

Lo ngumthamo obonakalayo apho ichiza lisasazwa khona. Libalwa ngefomyula: Vd = idosi/uxinzelelo lwechiza. Ixabiso lalo lixhomekeke ekubeni libalwa ngexesha elingu-zero – emva kwe-bolus (Vc) okanye kwimeko eqinileyo emva kokufakwa (Vss).

Ukususwa kwetyala.

I-clearance imele umthamo we-plasma (Vp) apho iyeza likhutshwa khona ngeyunithi nganye ngexesha ukuze kujongwe ukususwa kwalo emzimbeni. I-Clearance = Ukususwa kwe-X Vp.

Njengoko ukususwa kwe-half-life kuyanda, i-half-life iyancipha, kwaye njengoko umthamo wokusasazwa uyanda, ne-half-life iyanda. Ukususwa kwe-half-life kungasetyenziselwa ukuchaza indlela elihamba ngayo ngokukhawuleza ichiza phakathi kwamacandelo. Eli yeza liqala lisasazwe kwindawo ephakathi ngaphambi kokuba lisasazwe kwiindawo ezingaphandle. Ukuba umthamo wokuqala wokusasazwa (Vc) kunye noxinzelelo olufunekayo lwesiphumo sonyango (Cp) ziyaziwa, kunokwenzeka ukubala idosi yokulayisha ukuze kufezekiswe olo xinzelelo:

Idosi yokulayisha = Cp x Vc

Ingasetyenziselwa nokubala idosi ye-bolus efunekayo ukuze kwandiswe ngokukhawuleza uxinzelelo ngexesha lokufakwa okuqhubekayo: Idosi ye-Bolus = (Cnew – Cactual) X Vc. Izinga lokufakwa ukuze kugcinwe imeko ezinzileyo = Cp X Clearance.

Iindlela ezilula zokufaka i-infusion azifikeleli kuxinzelelo oluzinzileyo kwi-plasma de kube ubuncinane izihlandlo ezihlanu zobomi bokukhupha i-emission. Uxinzelelo olufunekayo lunokufikelelwa ngokukhawuleza ukuba idosi ye-bolus ilandelwa yisantya sokufaka i-infusion.