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BEIJING — Isebe lezempilo kwilizwe lase-Espirito Santo, eBrazil, libhengeze ngoLwesibini ukuba ubukho bee-antibodies ze-IgG, ezithile kwi-SARS-CoV-2 virus, bufunyenwe kwiisampuli ze-serum ukususela ngoDisemba ka-2019.

Isebe lezempilo lithe iisampulu ze-serum ezingama-7,370 ziqokelelwe phakathi kukaDisemba 2019 noJuni 2020 kwizigulana ezirhanelwa ukuba zinesifo se-dengue kunye ne-chikungunya.

Njengoko iisampulu zihlalutyiwe, ii-antibodies ze-IgG zifunyenwe kubantu abangama-210, apho amatyala ali-16 kubo abonisa ukuba kukho i-coronavirus entsha kweli lizwe ngaphambi kokuba iBrazil ibhengeze ityala layo lokuqala eliqinisekisiweyo ngokusemthethweni nge-26 kaFebruwari 2020. Elinye lamatyala laqokelelwa nge-18 kaDisemba 2019.

Isebe lezempilo lithi kuthatha malunga neentsuku ezingama-20 ukuba isigulana sifikelele kumanqanaba e-IgG abonakalayo emva kokosuleleka, ngoko ke ukosuleleka kusenokwenzeka ukuba kwenzeke phakathi kokuphela kukaNovemba nokuqala kukaDisemba ka-2019.

UMphathiswa wezeMpilo waseBrazil uyalele urhulumente ukuba enze uphando olunzulu ngezifo ezibangelwa yintsholongwane ukuze kuqinisekiswe ngakumbi.

Iziphumo eBrazil zezona zifunyenweyo kwihlabathi liphela, eziye zongeza kubungqina obukhulayo bokuba i-COVID-19 isasazeke buthule ngaphandle kweTshayina ngaphambi kokuba kucingelwe ngaphambili.

Abaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseMilan basandul’ ukufumanisa ukuba umfazi kwisixeko esikumantla e-Itali wosulelwe yi-COVID-19 ngoNovemba ka-2019, ngokutsho kweengxelo zeendaba.

Ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kwizicubu zesikhumba, abaphandi bafumanise kwi-biopsy yomfazi oneminyaka engama-25 ubudala ukuba kukho i-RNA gene sequences ye-SARS-CoV-2 virus ukususela ngoNovemba ka-2019, ngokutsho kwephephandaba lemihla ngemihla lase-Itali i-L'Unione Sarda.

“Kukho iimeko apho uphawu olulodwa losulelo lwe-COVID-19 luphawu lwesifo solusu,” uRaffaele Gianotti, oququzelele uphando, ucatshulwe yiphephandaba esithi.

“Ndizibuze ukuba singafumana ubungqina be-SARS-CoV-2 eluswini lwezigulane ezinezifo zesikhumba kuphela ngaphambi kokuba kuqale isigaba sobhubhane esaziwayo ngokusesikweni,” utshilo uGianotti, wongeza ngelithi “sifumene ‘iminwe’ ye-COVID-19 kwizicubu zesikhumba.”

Ngokusekelwe kwidatha yehlabathi, obu “bubungqina obudala bokubakho kwentsholongwane ye-SARS-CoV-2 emntwini,” itsho ingxelo.

Ekupheleni kuka-Epreli 2020, uMichael Melham, usodolophu waseBelleville kwiphondo laseNew Jersey eMelika, wathi uvavanywe ukuba une-COVID-19 antibodies kwaye ukholelwa ukuba ufumene le ntsholongwane ngoNovemba 2019, nangona ugqirha wayecinga ukuba oko uMelham wakubonayo yayingumkhuhlane nje.

EFransi, izazinzulu zifumanise ukuba indoda yosulelwe yi-COVID-19 ngoDisemba ka-2019, malunga nenyanga ngaphambi kokuba amatyala okuqala abhaliswe ngokusemthethweni eYurophu.

Ithetha ngogqirha kwizibhedlele zaseAvicenne naseJean-Verdier kufutshane neParis, iBBC News yabika ngoMeyi 2020 ukuba isigulana “kusenokwenzeka ukuba besisulelekile phakathi komhla we-14 nowe-22 kuDisemba (2019), njengoko iimpawu zecoronavirus zithatha phakathi kweentsuku ezintlanu ne-14 ukuba zibonakale.”

ESpain, abaphandi kwiYunivesithi yaseBarcelona, ​​enye yezona yunivesithi zidumileyo kweli lizwe, bafumanise ubukho be-genome yentsholongwane kwiisampuli zamanzi amdaka eziqokelelwe nge-12 kaMatshi 2019, itsho iyunivesithi kwingxelo ngoJuni 2020.

E-Itali, uphando olwenziwe yiNational Cancer Institute eMilan, olupapashwe ngoNovemba ka-2020, lubonise ukuba iipesenti ezili-11.6 zamavolontiya angama-959 asempilweni athathe inxaxheba kuvavanyo lokuhlola umhlaza wemiphunga phakathi kukaSeptemba ka-2019 ukuya kuMatshi ka-2020 ayesele ephuhlisile ii-antibodies ze-COVID-19 ngaphambi koFebruwari ka-2020 xa ityala lokuqala elisemthethweni labhalwa kweli lizwe, kunye namatyala amane ophando oluqala kwiveki yokuqala ka-Okthobha ka-2019, oko kuthetha ukuba abo bantu bosulelwe ngoSeptemba ka-2019.

Ngomhla wama-30 kweyeNkanga ngo-2020, uphando olwenziwe yi-US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lufumanise ukuba i-COVID-19 kusenokwenzeka ukuba yayise-United States kwasekuqaleni kweyoMnga ka-2019, iiveki ngaphambi kokuba intsholongwane ichongwe okokuqala e-China.

Ngokutsho kolu phando lupapashwe kwi-intanethi kwijenali ethi Clinical Infectious Diseases, abaphandi beCDC bavavanye iisampulu zegazi ezivela kwiminikelo yegazi eqhelekileyo eyi-7,389 eqokelelwe yi-American Red Cross ukususela nge-13 kaDisemba 2019 ukuya kwi-17 kaJanuwari 2020 ukuze bafumane ii-antibodies ezithile kwi-coronavirus entsha.

Usulelo lwe-COVID-19 “lusenokuba belukho eMelika ngoDisemba ka-2019,” malunga nenyanga ngaphambi kokuba ityala lokuqala elisemthethweni lelizwe libekho ngoJanuwari 19, 2020, babhala oososayensi be-CDC.

Ezi ziphumo zezinye iindlela ezibonisa ukuba kunzima kangakanani ukusombulula iphazili yesayensi yokulandelela imithombo yentsholongwane.

Ngokwembali, indawo apho intsholongwane yaqala ukuxelwa khona yayidla ngokubonakala ngathi ayiyonto yaqala ukuxelwa kuyo. Umzekelo, usulelo lwe-HIV lwaqala ukuxelwa yi-United States, kodwa kusenokwenzeka ukuba intsholongwane ayizange ivele e-United States. Kwaye ubungqina obuninzi bubonisa ukuba i-Spanish Flu ayizange ivele eSpain.

Ngokuphathelele i-COVID-19, ukuba ngowokuqala ukuxela ngale ntsholongwane akuthethi ukuba le ntsholongwane yaqala kwisixeko saseTshayina iWuhan.

Ngokuphathelele ezi zifundo, iWorld Health Organisation (WHO) ithe "iza kuthatha nzulu yonke into efunyenweyo eFransi, eSpain, e-Itali, kwaye siza kuyihlola nganye nganye."

“Asiyi kuyeka ukwazi inyaniso ngemvelaphi yentsholongwane, kodwa sisekelwe kwisayensi, ngaphandle kokuyenza ibe yezopolitiko okanye ukuzama ukudala uxinzelelo kwinkqubo,” utshilo uMlawuli-Jikelele we-WHO uTedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus ngasekupheleni kukaNovemba 2020.